PSG has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times late to seize a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.